The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, marks a significant shift in India’s criminal justice system by replacing the decades-old Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973. Designed to make legal processes more efficient and citizen-friendly, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita introduces reforms that focus on the rights and convenience of ordinary citizens. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita brings in technology driven solutions to support investigations, evidence collection, and court proceedings, ensuring faster and more transparent justice delivery. The law officially came into force on July 1, 2024, aiming to build a modern framework that better addresses the needs of today’s society.

Ratanlal and Dhirajlal: The Code of Criminal Procedure has long been one of the most trusted and respected legal texts in the country, with a legacy of over nine decades in print. The current edition is based on the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, which replaces the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and came into effect on 1 July 2024.