Key landmark judgments that have shaped India’s constitutional law include Kesavananda Bharati (basic structure doctrine), Maneka Gandhi (fair and reasonable procedure under Article 21), Shah Bano (divorced Muslim woman’s right to maintenance), Vishaka (sexual harassment prevention in workplaces), Indra Sawhney (reservations for backward classes), and Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (right to privacy). These rulings highlight the judiciary’s role in protecting rights, balancing powers, and adapting the Constitution to evolving societal needs, demonstrating judicial review and establishing fundamental principles of justice.